CARTOGRAFIA DA ACESSIBILIDADE E DA INTERAÇÃO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA

Resumo

The objective of this paper is to contribute to a better conceptual and methodological systematization and development of fundamental aspects of the spatial organization in Brazil and, particularly, in the State of Bahia, taking as reference the accessibility and the interacion. It is recognized the importance of these concepts in the comprehension of the spatial organization dynamics where they appear as corollaries of the locational aspects. The spatial organization model of Janelle (1969) is introduced and discussed, pointing out the position of the accessibility and the interaction as central concepts in the questions related to the own nature of the geographical problems. Having in view the development of spatial analysis, several theoretical-conceptual observations are discussed aiming to unite the cartographic methodology to a solid conceptual framework.

The use of the accessibility and interaction concepts to the State of Bahia is carried out on the basis of two sets of maps. The first one underlines the evolution of the accesssibility to Salvador, the regional metropolis, by means of isocrones maps for the years of 1956, 1972 and 1981. These maps show the importance of the changes in the transportation sector, affecting the accessibility degrees, even in a relatively short period. The various levels os accessibility to Salvador have a clear influence upon the intensity of the flows, these constituting the second set of maps. Five maps were produced on these flows, two of them representing the intensity of the total traffic of vehicles per day and two for the importance of truckage for the years of 1973 and 1979. A distinction was made for the vehicles flows in 1979 in the Eastern region of the State - the most developed one. The first maps show the evolution and a great superiority of the traffic intensity in the Recôncavo and in the axis of national circulation over other regions of the State. The sections with superiority of trucks circulation are mainly of national chacacter, being reduced in the vicinity of larger cities.

In  conclusion, considerations are made concerning the relation between the concepts of accessibility, interaction, spatial organization and the cartographic methodology, pointing out the spatial-temporal effect of distances.

evolution and a great superiority of the traffic